Summary: In this Blog, You will come across the all possible manual method to Repair corrupt SQL Database and the best alternative method to overcome this, Read on to know more.
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It is not unusual for one to encounter a damaged MDF file of MS SQL Server database. The simple reason being, it is prone to getting corrupt, and any discrepancy in handling the same can result in a corrupt MDF file. When this happens, all the data stored in the database becomes inaccessible, therefore, leading to data loss. In such situations, what becomes essential is to repair corrupt MDF file of the SQL Server database storage.
This Blog will describe how to perform the repair process. Also, it will also give you the in-depth knowledge of the MDF file, reasons as to why it gets corrupt, identify some tools to repair it, and also the most efficient resolution in case the free repair methods fail to produce healthy SQL Server database file stored in MDF format. Let’s get started!
What is an MDF file?
The MDF file housed in the Microsoft SQL Server, a relational database management system, is the primary data file of the database that stores all data. Therefore, you can also refer to it as the main or master database file of the SQL Server. Each SQL Server database would contain at least one MDF file.
It stores components such as Indexes, XML Indexes, Views, Tables, Triggers, Stored Procedures, Rules, User Defined Functions, Keys and data types, sparse columns, column set property, and file stream data types. The MDF file can be summed up as the primary element for administering the SQL database!
Why does the MDF File become corrupt?
The MDF file of SQL Server database gets corrupt because it has the least resistant to corruption issues. Several causes are responsible for damaging the server’s primary file type.
- Sudden power failure
- Bugs in the server itself
- Faulty Operating System
- Unexpected shutdown of the system
- Problem with the host hardware, and virus outbreaks, etc
- Recovery from the external storage device
Thus, reasons for your MDF file turning corrupt can be anything from hardware to software malfunctioning!
Read a discussion on Spiceworks: What is database corruption? And how do you deal with it?
Inbuilt tools to repair the damaged MDF file
Here, you will get to know about some tools that can repair corrupt MDF files of SQL Server and consequently, make the stored data available. In fact, these tools are a series of statements (commands) in Transact-SQL programming language and are known as Database Console Commands (DBCC). Earlier, DBCC was known as Database Consistency Checker. The function of these commands in DBCC is to test the physical and logical uniformity of the SQL Server database files as well as fix the troubling issues that persist.
DBCC CHECKDB is a statement through which you can check the logical and physical integrity of all the objects in a specific SQL Server database. You can do so by executing the following operations sequentially:
- Running DBCC CHECKALLOC command in the database.
- Running DBCC CHECKCATALOG command in the database.
- Running DBCC CHECKTABLE on each view and table in the database.
- Authenticating the content of each indexed view available in the database.
- Authenticating link-level constancy among table metadata, file system directories, and files when storing VARBINARY (max) data using FILESTREAM in the file system.
- Authenticating the Service Broker data in the database.
On completion of the above steps, if the utility finds any corruption issues or errors it recommends users to make use of several Repair options for fixing the troublesome issues. The Repair options are:
- REPAIR_FAST – It maintains syntax for backward compatibility only; no repair actions are performed in actual. The syntax for this Repair option is:
DBCC CHECKDB (‘DB Name’, REPAIR_FAST)
- REPAIR_REBUILD – This repair option executes repair procedure that scarcely has possibilities of data loss. This can perform quick repairs such as repair of the missing rows in non-clustered indexes, and even time-consuming repairs such as the rebuilding of indexes. The syntax is:
DBCC CHECKDB (‘DB Name’, REPAIR_REBUILD)
Note – It (REPAIR_REBUILD) does not fix errors that include FILESTREAM data.
- REPAIR_ALLOW_DATA_LOSS – This command makes an effort to fix all the errors that are reported. However, it can cause loss of data as stated in the repair command itself. The syntax is:
DBCC CHECKDB (‘DB Name’, REPAIR_ALLOW_DATA_LOSS)
Note – You may end up losing data after performing repair operation with REPAIR_ALLOW_DATA_LOSS. Therefore, you should always use it as the last resort if none of the other repair options works.
Few Checks with Built-in Repair Options
Care should be taken while using these three free Repair options for the repair of damaged SQL Server MDF file.
- The first and foremost requirement is that the particular database should be in a single-user mode to be able to run either of the three Repair commands. When a user does not set the database in single user mode then, the following error message occurs:
“Repair Statement is not processed. The database needs to be in Single user mode.
DBCC execution completed. If DBCC printed error messages, contact your system administrator.”
You can alter the SQL database into single user mode by the following command:
ALTER DATABASE DatabaseName SET SINGLE_USER WITH ROLLBACK IMMEDIATE
- Secondly, the syntax to execute the DBCC CHECKDB repair commands must be used correctly. It is only then that the discrepancies shall get fixed, resulting in an entirely healthy database file.
- The DBCC repair statements are not validated memory-optimized tables. In such cases, i.e. if integrity issues occur in a memory-optimized table, you must restore the backup to gain access to the data in MDF file, provided the backup file is not in a damaged state.
The DBCC DBCHECK repair tools failed! What next?
If the built-in DBCC DBCHECKDB fails to repair the corrupt MDF file, the next thing that you can do is to run any external SQL recovery software. However, it should have the capability to outshine the manual methods and achieve what is expected out of it. Lloyd southside album download free. Stellar Repair for MS SQL software can be used for repairing the corrupt MDF files as well as extract the data stored within it.
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Your iTunes library is empty, missing content, or you get the error 'The file iTunes Library.itl cannot be read because it was created by a newer version of iTunes.' even though you haven't downgraded iTunes. Newslife 2.1.
(If you have downgraded then use these steps but choose, if needed, an older backup file that corresponds to the build you are reverting to.)
Note that in iTunes 11 or later an 'empty' library may show your past purchases with cloud links to stream or download them.
The following steps are similar in part to those given in the support document HT203225: If you don't see your entire library after you update iTunes on your Mac or PC.
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In the Previous iTunes Libraries folder (inside your main iTunes library folder) there should be a number of dated iTunes Library files. Take the most recent of these and copy it into the iTunes folder. Rename iTunes Library as iTunes Library (Corrupt) and then rename the restored file as iTunes Library. Start iTunes. iTunes should now show all your content, bar any recent additions to or deletions from your library.
The .itl file extensions may be hidden. If so don't add one when renaming files.
Additional steps for iCloud Music Library users
Optional, use if content has been removed from iCloud Music Library in error
If you have access to iCloud Music Library as part of an Apple Music or iTunes Match subscription disconnect from the Internet before restoring the old database, turn iCloud Music Library off, then close iTunes, reconnect to the Internet, open iTunes and turn iCloud Music Library back on again. These options can be found under Edit > Preferences > General (Windows) or iTunes > Preferences > General (Mac OS X).
Note that you cannot simply double-click on the various files in the Previous iTunes Libraries folder to see what they contain. Doing so will start iTunes, but not change the library file that it opens. Either place the file that you want iTunes to open at the correct path, or hold down shift (option on a Mac) when starting iTunes and choose an alternate library file. See HT201596: Open a different iTunes Library file or create a new one for more details. In general you want your active library file to be in the main iTunes folder so file manipulation is usually the correct solution.
Alternatively, depending on exactly when and why the library went missing, there may be a recent .tmp file in the main iTunes folder that can be renamed as iTunes Library.itl to restore the library to a previous state. These files may be hidden so look up how to reveal hidden & system files on your particular version of your operating system. Make sure to use one comparable in size to those in the Previous iTunes Libraries folder. Certain third party software has been known to cause this issue from time to time, in particular some antivirus applications and Sony VAIO Entertainment Platform. See HT203288: iTunes creates an empty library file in Windows for details (retired document, archived version).
Mac users may be able to restore a recent backup of the .itl file from Time Machine.
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When the backup has been restored you can use File > Add folder to Library and choose the iTunes Media folder to add in any new media added since the backup was made, or use iTunes Folder Watch (Windows) with its option to check for dead tracks on startup for a tool that can also remove deleted items, or fix some metadata when an item has been moved.
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If your library is in a non-standard location another possibility is that the preference file that records which .itl file to open has been reset or corrupted. This may cause iTunes to open or create a library at the standard path of <User's Music>iTunes. In this event, press and hold down shift as you launch iTunes to reconnect to the correct library file.
In a similar vein it is possible that a corrupt preference file may cause iTunes to fail at launch with one of these errors:
- The file iTunes Library.itl cannot be read because it was created by a newer version of iTunes.
- The folder “iTunes” is on a locked disk or you do not have write permissions for this folder.
- The iTunes Library.itl cannot be found or created. The default location for this file is in the 'iTunes' folder in the 'Music' folder.
It may be worth trying the shift-start-iTunes method (option on a Mac) to actively select the .itl file that should contain your library. If you still get the error message try Repair security permissions for iTunes for Windows and/or check for interference from anti-virus software.
Once you have recovered your library you should back it up. See the user tip Backup your iTunes for Windows library with SyncToy for a suggested strategy.
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Should you be in the unfortunate position where you are no longer able to access your original library, or any backup of it, then see Recover your iTunes library from your iPod or iOS device or Recover media from an iPod for non-iOS devices. Mac shrink boot camp partition.
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If all other avenues for recovery are exhausted see HT208167: Hide and unhide music, movies, TV shows, audiobooks, and books - Apple Support to make sure that any purchased content that you want to retrieve is not hidden and then HT201272: Redownload apps, music, movies, TV shows, and books from the iTunes Store, iBooks Store, and App Store for guidance on downloading it.